Valeriana officinalis VALERIAN (plant)

Common valerian, or Valeriana officinalis in Latin, is a perennial plant from the Valerianaceae family. It is a very hardy variety native to Europe. It measures 70 to 80 cm in height in summer during its flowering period. Its lifespan is 3 to 5 years.

Valerian roots consist of a thick rhizome surrounded by numerous small, flexible fibers. They release a very distinct and heady scent that becomes stronger as they dry. It is in this underground part that valerian concentrates all its soothing properties for the body.

The foliage is composed of upright stems bearing deep green leaves cut with great precision. Each leaf seems formed by several small opposite leaflets that give it a very structured and elegant appearance.

Flowering manifests as wide clusters of tiny flowers grouped at the top of the plant like misty clouds. These flowers display pastel tones, ranging from snow white to powdery pink, and open gradually during the summer months.

- Properties:

The irresistible attraction of felines to valerian is explained by actinidine, a substance whose scent triggers a state of euphoria and intense well-being in them. Cats love to chew the leaves and eat the tips of the stems.

For human use, this plant is traditionally consumed as an infusion of dried roots, but it also exists in the form of capsules or mother tinctures.

Its root possesses sedative properties that make it an oneirogenic plant, meaning it induces dreams. It is also used for its calming properties.

This variety is medicinal and well known for its virtues; it should not be confused with "false valerian" called Centranthus ruber or red valerian, whose leaves are edible but not medicinal.

Do not consume without the advice of a healthcare professional.

- Cultivation and planting:

• Plant valerian in a 5-liter pot with good horticultural potting soil.
• Remember to drain the bottom of the pot.
• Water copiously at the base of the plant.
• For outdoor cultivation, choose a slightly shaded spot.

- Substrate to use:

Valerian prefers loose and generous soils rich in organic matter that retain some residual freshness. Well-drained ground is essential because, although it likes water, it fears suffocation caused by overly compact soils.

- Light:

A sunny or slightly veiled location is perfect for its development, depending on the harshness of the regional climate. In very hot areas, semi-shade is ideal to protect its delicate leaves from drying out and to maintain its vigor.

- Hardiness:

This robust perennial braves the coldest winters without flinching, showing excellent resistance to prolonged frosts. It thrives especially under moderate temperatures, as intense heatwave episodes can bring its growth to a standstill.

- Watering / irrigation:

A constant water supply is crucial, particularly during the summer months and during planting, so that the soil never becomes arid. The plant quickly signals its thirst by a sagging of the foliage, making watering at the base essential in dry weather.

- Plant multiplication:

Colonization of the garden is done by sowing in the spring or via the splitting of mature clumps during the autumn period.